The word bonsai literally translates into "tree in a pot or tray." The art of bonsai originated in China thousands of years ago, linked initially to Taoism and then to Buddhism. The Chinese containerized and dwarfed living trees within miniature landscapes and gardens. Bonsai art migrated to Japan via Korea with the Zen Buddhists and grew to be more and more popular, first among monks and aristocrats, and then on a broader scale. Now, bonsai trees are cultivated all over the world.
While bonsai artists favor certain tree species, more than 100 different trees, flowering plants, and shrubs can be trained into bonsai. Depending on the species, bonsai can be grown indoors or outdoors.
Some good outdoor bonsai species to start with include Japanese maple, elm, ginkgo, juniper, and boxwood.
Bonsai grown indoors require more attention and babying. Tropical and sub-tropical species such as Hawaiian umbrella tree, baby jade and brush cherry are good indoor trees to start with.
All bonsai trees need good morning light, a consistent level of humidity, and proper watering. Indoors trees often do well when placed near a sunny window, and a humidifier can help keep the air inside moist.
Overwatering is a common problem among beginning bonsai enthusiasts; whether indoors or outdoors, the soil in your bonsai's pot should be moist, never completely dry to the touch nor soggy and wet. And like any other plant, a bonsai tree needs to be fed with the right fertilizer. Check with a bonsai nursery or garden store to learn which fertilizer is right for your tree.